Globalization & world Essay Example for Free

Globalization world Essay In general terms, globalization refers to the economical, cultural and societal changes, which are experienced in the whole world as a result of integrated and common trade, transport and communication network systems. The whole issue of globalization is complex with potential debates on its causes and effects ranging from technological to social- cultural and political factors. Although globalization has been associated with many positive impacts to the society and the world at large, the negative consequences cannot be ignored because of their far reaching effects to the people in the world. This paper seeks to discuss the health problems caused by globalization. It also gives some of the solutions to this problem. As the whole world is increasingly becoming interconnected, human health is becoming more complex. For instance, globalization has changed the lifestyle of people. It can be appreciated that modern behavioral changes such as the smoking, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activities and increasingly high use of illegal drugs, which are factors attributed to globalization, are risking human health and hence increasing the chances of low lifespan (Guindon, Pang, 2004). Globalization has also resulted to the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases. This is evidenced in the recent out break of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and its rapid spread in the modern world hence imposing a risk of global pandemic (Guindon, Pang, 2004). Further to this, the enhanced global movements of goods and people have contributed amicably to the spread of diseases. For example, the advancement of canned food production, trade and increasingly high consumption has facilitated the spread of food born diseases. Behavioral changes associated with global worming such as sexual immoralities (increased sex tourism) in the modern society have contributed to the spread of HIV and AIDS which has been declared as a global epidemic (Huynen, et al 2005). In addition to this, modern society is experiencing high teenage pregnancies which results to health complications. One of the solutions to the negative impacts of globalization to health is by promoting health education in the society. Education will empower people to understand the effects of different lifestyles, which include foods consumed. (Wamala Kawachi 2007). Further to this, the society should discourage unhealthy behaviors through appropriate legislation and public awareness. In conclusion therefore, globalization has far reaching effects to health which should be addressed at international levels for the common good of all people in the world. ? Bibliography Guindon, E, Pang, T 2004, Globalization and risks to health, viewed 21 August 2010, http://www. nature. com/embor/journal/v5/n1s/full/7400226. html Huynen, et al, 2005, Globalization and Health, viewed 21 August 2010, http://www. biomedcentral. com/content/pdf/1744-8603-1-14. pdf Wamala, S, Kawachi, I 2007, Globalization and Health, Oxford University Press, New York.

Who Are The Cherokee Indians History Essay

Who Are The Cherokee Indians History Essay Cherokee Indians are a tribe that originated in the Southeastern United States. Their traditional lands included north Alabama from Noccalula Falls at Gadsden, Alabama, to all of Georgia north of Atlanta, to Kings Mountain, S. C. in the east; all of western North Carolina, southwest Virginia and East and Middle Tennessee. They also had traditional hunting claims in Kentucky. Their territory was eventually eliminated through about three dozen treaties between 1721 and 1835. The Treaty of New Echota (near Calhoun, Georgia) ceded the last remaining territory east of the Mississippi in exchange for land in Oklahoma. The whole tribe of Cherokees was forced to go west to Oklahoma in the 1830s on the infamous Trail of Tears that began at Red Clay Council Grounds in Tennessee just north of the Georgia state line. Among those who were force to leave were several thousand who died on the Trail of Tears. However, a few were able to hide in the mountains of western North Carolina. This group became the Eastern Band of Cherokees. Their tribal headquarters are at Cherokee, North Carolina. Today there are reservations in North Carolina with about 10,000 Cherokee and Oklahoma with about 100,000 Cherokee. Many are mix bloods rather than full bloods. Many Cherokee place names have been left in the places where they previously lived. The name Tennessee was taken from one of the Cherokee towns. The Cherokee were counted as one of the five civilized tribes of the Southeast which includes the Choctaw, Chickasaws, Creeks and Seminoles. They had the most vital and richest culture of all the tribes north of Mexico, a feature that most modern Americans have forgotten unless reminded in movies such as The Outlaw Josey Wales. Prehistoric and pre-Columbian knowledge of the Cherokee is limited. Their first European contact was with the expedition led by Hernando de Soto in 1540. The contact with de Soto was limited because his goal was exploration. He was followed eventually in the 1600s growing numbers of contacts French colonies in Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana and with the Spanish in Florida. However with the founding of the English colonies of Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina the contract grew into trade relationships. The trade relations developed with the Cherokee getting guns, powder, shot, and other trade goods in exchange for deer skins. The skins were valuable in Europe as a type of leather goods. Guns were more efficient hunting tools than bows and arrows. British merchants, who were frequently Scotsmen moved into Cherokee villages and established trading post. Many of these traders married Indian women. Their children, who were mix-bloods, usually grew up in the wilderness but with some European education. They were to be important because they provided much of the leadership in the future, at times in agreement and at times in opposition to the full bloods. Being of both cultures they were able to interpret each culture to the other. During the Eighteen Century the struggle between the French and English for control of North American meant frequent warfare. To protect the deer skin trade forts were built in Cherokee country which was divided into three basic areas. For the most part the Cherokee lived in towns. South Carolina held the lower towns; Western North Carolina the middle towns; and the over the hill towns were in east Tennessee. Fort Loudoun had been built in 1756-1757 at the confluence of the Little Tennessee and Tellico Rivers. It was a trade center and the Cherokee had free access to it until the outbreak of the Cherokee War (1759-1761). The Cherokee War occurred during the French and Indian War (1754-63). Known as the Seven Years War globally The French and Indian War is the name for its North American Theater of Operations. The origin of the Cherokee War was an incident in late 1758. A Cherokee war party, returning from unrewarding service in the Forbes Expedition, stole a few horses from frontier settlers. In a brief fight both Cherokee and whites suffered casualties. The Cherokee then sought revenge under their law which was in essence the law of the feud in which retaliation soon killed many on both sides. In November of 1759 South Carolina Governor William Henry Lyttleton declared war on the Cherokee. Efforts at peace negotiation failed because the Cherokees refused to surrender the individuals who had begun the fighting. To do so would have satisfied English ideas of justice; but would have violated Cherokee traditions. By 1760 a growing number of Cherokee and white settlers had been killed. In June Colonel Archibald Montgomery led an army of British regulars and colonial forces against the Cherokee. The Lower Towns and Middle Towns in the southern Appalachians were destroyed. Montgomery won a costly battle near Franklin, North Carolina on June 27, 1760 after which he returned to Charlestown. The gravest incident was the massacre of the Fort Loudoun garrison. The fort had been surrounded by the Cherokee and reduced to starvation. It was surrendered and its garrison was retiring to South Carolina, when it was attacked at Ballplay, Tennessee, where Cains Creek joins the Tellico River. Twenty-two officers and soldiers along with three women were killed in revenge for Cherokee losses. The survivors were held captive until the wars end. In June 1761 an expedition commanded by Lieutenant Colonel James Grant defeated the Cherokee near the village of Estatoe. He then burned all of their neighboring towns and all of their crops reducing them to near starvation. The Cherokee accepted peace term in August 1761. The Cherokee suffered numerous losses during the Cherokee War; however, more devastating were the losses from European diseases such as small pox, measles and other contagions. In response the Cherokee fought back with the Booger Dance, a spiritual weapon. Booger Dancers wore ugly masks and danced to ward off diseases or to ceremonially reduce fear of the deadly diseases. During the American Revolution the Cherokee remained loyal to the British and conducted military operations on their behalf. This led to fighting with the colonists and to demands for their removal after the Revolution. Among the Cherokee women often played an important role as counselors. Some became known as war women. An important War Woman was Nancy Ward. The acceptance of female leadership and influence was contrary to the male dominated white practice. By the 1790s Cherokee leadership came to the conclusion that he best way to preserve themselves was to become civilized. They began to develop more European style farm, clothing, government and Christianity. Often led by the mixed bloods such as John Ross, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot they were aided by missionaries such as the Moravians who had a mission at Spring Place, Georgia. The Cherokee leadership began to develop into a civilized nation complete with the practice of slavery. A great event in the advancement of the Cherokees was the invention of a Cherokee language syllabary by the mixed blood Sequoya (Sequoya, Sequoia, Sikwayi). Named George Gist by his English father he was a skilled craftsman who developed a system of 86 symbols that represented the sounds of the Cherokee language. The syllabary was finished by 1821 and opened the way for thousands of Cherokee to learn it within a few years. The Cherokee Council was the government of the Cherokee nation and based upon its constitution. It met in the town of New Echota (now a restored state park just east of the current City of Calhoun, Georgia). The Council adopted the syllabary and provided for the publication of an official Cherokee newspaper, The Phoenix. Published in both Cherokee and English it was the first Indian newspaper in the United States. By 1827 the Bible, hymnbooks, pamphlets and many other writings were being translated into Cherokee. During the War of 1812 many Cherokee aided the Americans against the British and their allies including the Creeks (Muscogee). At the Battle of Horseshoe Bend (Alabama) in 1814 General Andrew Jacksons life was save by a Cherokee brave, Junaluska. However, this was not enough to prevent then President Jackson allowing their removal to Oklahoma in the 1830s. The demand for removal of all Indians east of the Mississippi River had been strong since at least the Presidency of Thomas Jefferson. In Georgia it was a major issue especially after the discovery of gold at Dahlonega in 1828. A huge influx of miners moved, often illegally, onto Cherokee land increasing demands for removal which occurred despite Supreme Court rulings in favor of the Cherokee: Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) and Worcester v Georgia (1832). The Five Civilized Tribes were removed in whole or in part. A remnant of the Cherokee found refuge in the deep coves of the Smokey Mountains of Appalachia. With legal help from whites they eventually purchased land at Cherokee and became the Eastern Band. The bulk of the Cherokee in northern Georgia and elsewhere were forcibly expelled from their homes and conducted under military guard to Red Clay Council Grounds (now Tennessee historic state park) just north of Cohutta, Georgia, but in Tennessee. From there one group set out in the autumn to journey to Oklahoma. Many died on the Trail of Tears, a few escaped to North Carolina, and those that arrived in Oklahoma eventually had to develop their own farms and institutions. During the War Between the States most of the Cherokee sided with the Confederacy. They fought in battles in Missouri, Arkansas and Oklahoma. After 1885 Senator Henry Dawes of Massachusetts introduced what became the Dawes Act. It abolished the communal property of tribes and instituted a policy of individual ownership that was to further promote their civilizing. While the Five Civilized Tribes were exempt from the Dawes Act they came under increasing pressure to accept it. In 1895 the Curtis Act dissolved Indian tribal governments and forced allotments of the land. The results were a great deal of swindling of the Cherokee and many other Indians. Almost all of the original land granted to the Cherokee under the terms of the Treaty of New Echota was lost. In compensation Cherokee were made American citizens in 1901 and allowed to vote. On March 3, 1906, the Cherokee Nation was abolished. The present Cherokee Nation was organized in 1948 under the Wheeler-Howard Indian Reorganization Act (1934). Economic justice was to some degree awarded the Cherokee Nation in 1961 with payment of $15,000,000 by the U.S. Claims Commission for lands of the Cherokee Strip (Outlet). Modern Cherokee have served in the United States military and government. Most are educated and only a small number speak Cherokee. The seat of the Cherokee Nation (tribal government) is at Tahlequah, Oklahoma. The tribe adopted a new constitution in 2006. Under the leadership of their Principle Chiefs since the 1950s, who have included W.W. Keeler (1971-1975), Ross Swimmer (1975-1985)Â ¸ Wilma Mankiller (1985-1995), Joe Byrd (1995-1999) and Chad Corntassel Smith (1999-Present). The tribe conducts many different programs to promote the welfare and its cultural traditions. Among its money making ventures are casinos in Oklahoma and North Carolina. The Cherokee are in the process of building their own future with aid from many sources. Andrew J. Waskey References and Future Reading Bass, Althea. Cherokee Messenger. 1936. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma, 1996. Cotterill, R. S. The Southern Indians: The Story of the Civilized Tribes Before Removal. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1954. Foreman, Grant. The Five Civilized Tribes: Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Seminole. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1934. Hudson, Charles. The Southeastern Indians. Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press, 1976. King, Duane H. ed. The Cherokee Indian Nation. Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press, 1979. McLoughlin, William G. Cherokees Missionaries, 1789-1839. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1995. Mooney, James. History, Myths, and Sacred Formulas of the Cherokees. 1900 1891. Ashville, NC: Historical Images, 1992. Purdue, Theda. ed. Cherokee Editor: The Writings of Elias Boudinot. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1996. Woodward, Grace Steele. The Cherokee. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1963.

Marks And Spencer Is Clothing And Food Based Commerce Essay

Marks And Spencer Is Clothing And Food Based Commerce Essay Marks and Spencer is clothing and food based Company. The Company is committed towards creativity, innovation, and customer satisfaction, through enhancing quality and value of their products. Marks and Spencer enjoyed great profitability and success, due to the presence of a large market with few competitors (BBC, 2004). However, this did not last for long, and the Company, started facing many challenges, in the context of global competition and management (MS: Fighting Structural Decline, 2006). These challenges emanated from the internal and external environment. Despite these setbacks, the Company has major opportunities arising from the large market segment, increase in demand, and technological advancement (Research and Markets. 5). This paper explores the challenges, and sources of competitive advantage include knowledge management, social media marketing and the use of virtual organizations for Marks and Spencer Company. Discussion The current and future of the fashion and food industry favours the business ventures of Marks and Spencer (Company Spotlight: Marks and Spencer Group plc, 2004). The company has a well- established market positioning and brand image, which enhances its current and future advantage over other competitors (Marks Spencer Group PLC SWOT Analysis, 2007). However, these alone are not enough, as the Company has to consider other internal and external factors, useful in supplementing these attributes in order to achieve sustainability and profitability (Webster, 2006). In order to remain competitive, Marks and Spencer has to embrace change strategies, and Human Resource policies, which will enable it to gain a competitive edge (Grundy, 2005). The Company seeks to recruit worldwide talent in order to acquire competent employees (Marks and Spencer, 2012). The sources of competitive advantage are costs and differentiation, competent and capable workforce, and effective knowledge management, which serve as great assets to any organization (Chesebrough, 2006). Cost and differentiation leadership seeks competitive advantage in a broad industry, while cost and differentiation focus strategies are useful in a narrow industry (Wheelen and Hunger, 2010). Marks and Spencer Company must come up with new strategies, in order to remain competitive, and sustainable (Ogden and Wersun, 2006). Competitive advantage can be gained through offering greater value to customers, which justifies higher pricing. One of the key assets that the Company can exploit is its employees. The Company is faced with the challenge of pleasing its customers, and getting the best from its employees. Marks and Spencer can use its employees as a source of competitive advantage since it has high reputation for focusing on customer service. Competent employees can innovate and use their skills to ensure that they revive the Companyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s lost glory (Kemp, 2012). The Human resource department can seek to attain competitive edge by strategic deployment of capable and highly committed workforce. It can use a variety of integrated structural, personnel and cultural techniques. Some of the techniques include equal employment opportunities in order to create a diverse workforce. Diversity has introduced new talent and increased the potential of the Company, which is highly required in the face of stiff global competition (DATAMONITOR: Marks and Spencer Group plc, 2011). Gaining and retention of a competitive edge is vital to success of an organization (Banfield and Kay, 2008). Competent and diverse employees are valuable assets in an organization, and can enhance profitability and sustainability of an organization. Human resource department is liable for employees within an organization. HR functions such as selection, recruitment, training, coaching and motivation, are among the methods used by the HR in order to enhance the capability, and diversity of the workforce (Luthans, 1998). Marks and Spencer can provide equal employment opportunity in order to enable the organization to overcome the impacts of past discrimination against minority groups, and gender bias, and continue to attract, recruit, employ, promote, and retain competent employees in the Company. This helps in achieving diversity goals within the organization (Le Pla, 2012). Effective human resource practices enable an organization to gain a competitive edge over other competitors. Human resource department is responsible for ensuring that the employees are adequately motivated, and qualified for their jobs, in order to achieve profitability and sustainability of an organization (Banfield and Kay, 2008). Effective management of resources enhances sustainability, and profitability of an organization. Training and employee empowerment helps to decentralize decision- making and authority delegation to the store managers (Cole, 2004). Human resource tools and techniques are potent instruments for achievement of competitive edge and sustainability of an organization (Boddy, 2005). The human resource function is closely associated with sustainability and competitive advantage of an organization. Capable employees are an important asset, and enhance the success of the organization. It is crucial for the Company to enhance the potential of their employees, through provision of equal employment opportunities, in order to remain innovative and competitive in an evolving business world (Kemp, 2012). One of the Companyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s strategies is to regain the core customers through delivery of significant improvements in the product value, appeal, and availability (Chiang, 2011). Capable workforce explores all the opportunities, and innovate products in a bid to remain competitive and provide solutions to various challenges that arise due to the dynamic business environment (Le Pla, 2012). For instance, there is need to differentiate the different markets and come up with fashions that suit the needs of the younger and older generations. Innovative and competent workforce will be committed to delivery of trendy and fashionable clothing that suits the different markets (Kemp, 2012). Effective management of human resources results to enhanced potential to attract and retain capable employees, who are committed to performance (Banfield and Kay, 2008). This enhances profitability, sustainability, and places the organization at a competitive advantage. Knowledge is viewed as a crucial asset in an organization (Chesebrough, 2006). Effective knowledge management offers a competitive edge to an organization (Lin, 2006). The success of a business depends on its system and intellectual capabilities. Knowledge management is a widely applied technique in Marks and Spencer and the worldwide which is a key element towards innovation of new ideas and processes. Effective management of knowledge reduces operational costs significantly, especially now, when Marks and Spencer is trying to reduce its operational costs. It can significantly improve the quality of services and products and makes a remarkable contribution towards improving business excellence (Laudon and Laudon, 2002). This can be evidenced by a significant reduction in operational costs, enhanced productivity, profitability, sustainability, growth and improved product and service delivery (FSN 2007). In business, prior knowledge on the consumer needs and market dynamics helps a bu siness to be more proactive (Marks Spencer: fail fast, 2012). Knowledge on employee, customer, stakeholders and industrial needs, has a direct effect on relationship management. Effective application of knowledge improves the performance and productivity of a business significantly (Davenport and Beers, 1998). It helps to deliver the stakeholders expectations and earn their trust, which is highly applicable to the Company, especially during its recovery period. Companies practicing effective knowledge management are able to turn their ideas quickly into innovative services and products. Knowledge management of the global economy will help the business significantly. In the current business world, knowledge has become major strategic asset and organizations must acquire and develop effective strategies in the identification, development and application of knowledge in order for them to succeed in their goals (Davenport and Beers, 1998). Social media marketing via the web offers a cost effective marketing options (Gibson, 2009). A marketer can reach many people, and they too can share the information with their friends thus, creating a large social network (Kimberly, 2012). The social media marketing offers an organization, a platform to connect and communicate with the customers (ADWATCH, 2006). It helps businesses to reduce the operational costs through minimizing the publication and distribution costs (Zarrella, 2010). Effective use of social media will help the Company reach many potential consumers all over the world (Marks Spencer set to enter Egyptian retail market, 2010). Conclusion/ Recommendations To conclude, Marks and Spencer achieve the advantage it enjoyed so far by some reasons. Firstly, it was the quintessential British store since its establishment. The price of its products was always reasonable with high quality. This helps to consolidate its brand image and keeps the customers. Furthermore, the employees form a crucial element in the recovery strategy of Marks and Spencer. They are important assets in enhancing the success of the customer-based efforts, business refocusing, handling reforms, and correcting the issues that have challenged business at Marks and Spencer. Competent and dedicated workforce will help in bringing innovative fashions that will suit the older and younger generationsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ needs. However, the Company needs to focus on its workforce in order to achieve their innovative goals for their present and future business growth and demands. It should also make a substantial amount of investment in the creation and implementat ion of the most appropriate knowledge networks, tools, processes, methods and technologies (Hibbard and Carrillo, 1998). This will enhance profitability and sustainability of the Company.

roseanne And The Kiss :: essays research papers

Roseanne and The Kiss   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This past winter break, myself and one of my best friends were driving down one of the main roads in our home town of Elmira, New York. I happened to look up at a billboard that was on the side of the road, and saw a sign that read something like: â€Å"Be safe, be smart, be protected.† I thought to myself (immediately) â€Å"well, that's a big improvement from a few years ago when condom ads weren't even allowed on television.† Then I noticed, it had the gay symbols of the upside down pink triangle, and the symbols of two men and two women together. My first thought was â€Å"why is this necessary† then I mentioned that to my friend. He didn't notice, but we both kind of laughed and agreed that why does it have to be gay people that need to protect themselves? We (straight people) are just as much at risk--what was the point? The point is, that it has become mainstream and accepted to be gay in this society now, so they can do that. Only three years ago, however, it was a bit different.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Roseanne† helped to set a trend in society that has made it more acceptable to be gay in the media. From the billboard I saw, to Roseanne's now (in)famous kiss with another woman. Roseanne has contributed to this trend immensely with her television sitcom.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To begin with, the series Roseanne has had gay characters on it for a long time. Roseanne's boss Leon was gay, and after â€Å"the kiss† his role on the show became more outspoken as he got married to his lover in the season after Roseanne kissed another woman.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the 1994, Roseanne had a homosexual encounter with another woman played by Mariel Hemingway in a gay bar. The episode was entitled â€Å"Don't ask, Don't tell† seemingly making light of Bill Clinton's policy of gays in the military. The plot of this episode is, that Roseanne goes into a gay bar with her bisexual friend Nancy, played by outspoken bisexual actress Sandra Bernhard. Roseanne dances with Nancy's new girlfriend Sharon (Hemmingway). The situation is uncomfortable to Roseanne's sister Jackie who also went with them, but Roseanne has a great time. After dancing with Sharon, the two sit down to chat, one thing leads to another and Roseanne makes a joke which is misinterpreted by Sharon, and she kisses Roseanne. The rest of the episode deals with Roseanne's discomfort with the kiss.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The episode was finally aired, but it went through a lot of trouble to do so.

Michael Collins :: essays research papers

â€Å"Michael Collins the Man Who Made Ireland†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Michael Collins the Man Who Made Ireland† is a biography written by Tim Pat Coogan. Tim Pat Coogan is a famous author who was asked to write the biography by his former teacher Fr Michael O’Carroll. During the author’s childhood he was not told anything about Michael Collins. He learned it was a name that either people admired or hated. The reason for this was that some people think of Michael Collins as the man who gained Ireland’s independence, while others did not like it when he signed the Anglo-Irish Treaty in December, 1921, allowing the British to keep Northern Ireland and were against him for betraying Northern Ireland. When Coogan began his research he discovered that Collins was the founder of modern guerrilla warfare. Also, rulers, such a Mao Tse Tsung of China, had studied Collins tactics. Collins started out with just a small force of eleven men but managed, with all odds against him, to make one of the most powerful empires agree to Ire land’s independence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This book is all history and is very accurate in its telling of Michael Collins life. The book is so precise and it mentions so many people’s names it almost hard to keep track of who they are. This book has helped people learn more about the fight for the independence of Ireland and about a national hero who should never be forgotten. In my opinion this book was great and I learned many interesting facts. I would only recommend this book to people who are interested in learning about the fight for Irish Independence and Michael Collins. The reason is because the author at times gives too much detail that is not essential to the story and that makes the book a little boring. The most memorable part of the book is the way that Collins fought the British with so few men and supplies. Most of the men only had revolvers and pistols. His squads had eleven men or fewer yet they went up against much larger numbers of troops that were heavily armed. I was amazed wi th the intelligence network Michael Collins set up to spy on the British. He used the information from his network to plan where and whom his assignation squads would hit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The difference between De Valera and Michael Collins was very interesting to me because of the way it played out.

Professional, mental, moral and aesthetic development Essay

There has been increased demand for education from different kinds of people in the world, due to the introduction of information technology in their countries. Therefore people have increasingly sought for ways and means to acquire knowledge to enable understand the realities of life as they occur. Education is the process through which teaching and learning of knowledge, enables an individual to develop reasoning, judgment and skills required in adult life and professional occupations. Education focuses on the cultivation of skills trades or professional, mental, moral and aesthetic development . There are two types of education; formal and informal education. Formal education refers to the education whereby there is system of instruction, teaching and training by the professional teachers. Here, there is a curriculum to be followed and use of different teaching methods. Traditionally, educators borrowed information for education from many different disciplines for example psychology, philosophy, information technology linguistics, biology and sociology. A person can be trained by a specialist so as to get specific skills for example a pilot. Systems of formal education are established to provide education and training for children. A curriculum states what a student should know and be able to do as a result of education. Informal education involves acquisition of knowledge and skills learned and refined during one course of life. The right to education is a basic human right. Education can be attained informally through institutions such as libraries and museums (Shards, K. , and Smith, S. J. 2000). The central purpose of education The central purpose of education is to teach a student on values that will enable him to develop his mind and be in a position to deal with realities of life. Training that is given to the students enables them to think, understand, integrate and prove all information that they have been taught. Students are taught essentials of knowledge that is achieved in the past experiences and also trained to acquire knowledge by him. An example of purpose of education is the teachers’ transmission of knowledge to the students. One of the things that education does is to equip people with power to think effectively and objectively. Education should assist a person to be critical in terms of the truths, prejudices and propaganda. Education should enable the people to distinguish between true or false information, relevant from irrelevant information, real and unreal information. Part of education teaches the human beings to be critical thinker’s . For education to be whole; it should be morally right to the recipients of the information. Morals help a person to avoid wandering from one place to another and gives the persons power of concentration and reasoning. For one to concentrate well, he or she should have worthy objectives in order to meet that they would like to achieve in the future. The kinds of people schools should seek to develop The characteristics of people who can be a successful learners are they should be knowledgable, self determined, strategic, and empahthetic. They also have creative and critical faculties, motivation to learn and confidence about themselves as learners, tools and strategies for acquiring, evaluating and applying knowledge. They also have insights about motives, feeling and behavior of others and can effectively communicate with others. Schools should seek to develop individuals who are well rounded in terms of knowledge and work experience. Discipline is a trait which is experienced in our everyday life. Instances like getting to work on time, finding appropriate clothes, scheduling appointments, time management are skills learnt through learning. The ability to list work experience in curriculum vitae demonstrates qualities such as enthusiasm, initiative, work ethic and a genuine desire to work. Schools should also seek to develop people who are confident. This occurs when an individual feels that a task is within their reach. Work experience is important as it gives one a chance to watch people do a job, ask questions and frequently get the chance to try out the work. Being knowledgeable is equally important. This is because employers are interested in what an individual can do. If one can display an understanding of an industry and support by outlining key tasks based on experience, he or she has chances of gaining employment. When looking for placement, schools should encourage students to keep as many contacts as possible. The reason is that meeting people who can help in job seeking process can lead to one acquiring a position in the job market (Smardz, K. , and Smith, S. J. 2000). The ways in which the school can work toward greater equity Schools and communities have people from different races, gender, sexual orientation, class, language and religion which allow them to have equitable opportunities . For a positive change to be noted, change in individual, schools, communities would work together and aim to maintain diversity and equity. In schools, it means going beyond cultural differences and celebrating diversity. This in turn breeds open conversations about equity related issues and what those issues mean in the classroom or administration and in schooling at large. These issues include bullying, school culture, classroom climate, achievement gaps and others. It’s only possible to discuss these issues only if the real conversations about socio- economic status, gender, race because they have an impact on students, teachers, administrators, parents and community members. The main challenge is to find out whether schools offer an opportunity for an individual to achieve the best and have access to an equitable valid supportive learning environment regardless of race, gender, (dis)ability, and other dimensions of his or her identity. One goal of education is to measure work based on how much closer we help a school eliminate inequity. This can be achieved on the basis of the specific contextual needs of each school or organization. A workshop may be set up to place emphasis on achievement gaps, teacher expectations and effective methods of teaching for diverse students. The workshop may also be on racial tensions or gender equity in the classroom. Teachers on the other hand need strategies for implementation practical ideas, curricular tools, classroom activities and teaching methods that support diversity and equity. As teachers try to solve students’ issues in education, they need to balance the practical with the philosophical and also providing immediate strategies for long term needs and institution changes ( Smardz, K. , and Smith, S. J. 2000). The values of an educator and how those values are formed and informed There are some values that educators should be committed to develop that enable students accomplish goals and aims. An educator who is competent has characteristics such as well developed knowledge and skills in content areas and methods of teaching. This educator understands how children learn at various developmental stages and also provides learning opportunities that support their intellectual, social and emotional development. He also uses multiple forms of assessment to guide instruction and other interactions with students. The educator who is caring values respect and trust reflecting a humanistic orientation to students and other members of the school community . He or she is child centered, nurturing and a facilitator of personal growth and self esteem. This educator motivates students to excel and be self confident. He provides a caring environment whereby students take risks and explore openly. Service is a value that the educators should thrive to attain . This is because it’s viewed as an opportunity to make positive difference in the lives of others. He seeks for ways to provide service to students and the education profession, school community and the community at large. The educator is mostly committed to take action on behalf of others even if such action requires measure of self sacrifice. These concerns are extended to his or her sphere of knowledge and influence. In addition, the educator has a disposition towards civic and social responsibility in the local community, nation and even the world (Tozer, S. E (2000). Leaderships is also a core value in this case the educator purses the goals of powerful learning and positive student achievement using the collaboration and supportive interaction within the classroom, school and community. The collaboration provides the support for continuous and consistent delivery of instruction to all students. This leader is well informed about the nation and educational reforms and uses personal skills to restructure environments to improve practice. He or she has a vision of setting that encourages efficacy and excellence, communicates his vision to constituents and leads them in the construction and implementation of shared vision of good schools. The education leader requires this to promote effective practices and organizational structures in places of work. He faces up these challenges because they in turn promote social justice and equity in the classroom, school and community. Issues like discrimination are given special attention especially in support of students with special needs ( Smardz, K. , and Smith, S. J. 2000). The role of the teacher in schools and wider society One of the roles of the teachers is to ensure that they promote integration between students from different backgrounds. This means that the teachers do not teach the same as the time passes by. Teachers play a role in teaching process to even becoming managers in the society so that to ensure the education system and society as a whole move from a long side by side. This movement towards monitoring and evaluation of the quality and performance of the national education system has unduobtfully began to have an impact in the way in which education is regarded both by the society at large and the people who are directly involved. A teacher is seen as a role model for the students . This is because he or she is respected by the society and therefore viewed as knowledgeable about different subjects of schools. Though teachers are seen as role models they still make mistakes, it’s therefore the role of the student to compare and pick only what is beneficial to them. The teacher is a dynamic force for the school, for a school without a teacher it is like a skeleton without flesh and blood (Tozer, S. E 2000). It is therefore important for people to attend school at early age so that they can acquire relevant information that can help them to be useful members of the society since they can be able to appreciate the realities of life as they occur. References â€Å"The Purpose of Education Papers of Martin Luther King â€Å"http://74. 125. 39. 104/search? q=cache:Z16hADTKn8AJ:www. stanford.edu/group/King/publications/papers/vol1/470100The_Purpose_of_Education. htm+what+should+be+central+purpose+of+education&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=2&gl=ke&client=firefox-a Website accessed on September 24 2008 Smardz, K. , and S. J. Smith (2000). The Archaeology Education Handbook: Sharing the Past With Kids. Altamira Press, Walnut Creek, California. Tozer, S. E (2008). School And Society Historical and Contemporary Perspective 6th edition McGraw Hill Stone, P. G. , and Planel P. G. (1999). The Constructed Past: Experimental Archaeology, Education, and the Public. London. Taylor & Francis,

Questions asked from the managers Essay

The following questions are those asked from the managers of the IT corporations. Each and everyone of them were also asked to give a brief company profile before the questions about blogging were asked. Company Profile 1. Name of Company: 2. Year Company Started: 3. Brief History of Company 4. Nature of Company’s work 5. Number of company employees: 6. Target market of the company: Questions on Corporate Blog 1. What does the company offer? a. Services – (what services and for whom? ) b. Products – (what products and for whom? ) 2. Since when did your company start engaging in corporate blog? 3. How much does your company spend for the operation of your corporate blog? 4. What was the effect of corporate blog to your corporation 5. Is blogging effective in making your customers understand more about your company? 6. Does blogging make understanding your services easier? 7. Communication with Customers a. Did you receive more client feedback when you engaged in corporate blog? b. Are your customers more informed about your products when you engaged in corporate blog? 8. Communication with Employees a. How many of your employees engage in blogging? b. What are your rules regarding employees blogging? 9. Did you integrate your missions, visions, and goals into corporate blogging? 10. Did you consider the risks involved when your corporation or company started adopting corporate blog? If yes, why does your company still continue engaging in corporate blog? 11. Are the solutions which your company pursued, effective in reducing the risks of corporate blog? If not, what other solutions do you think should be done? 12. What have been the advantages of corporate blog for your company? 13. What have been the perceived disadvantages of corporate blog for your company? 14. What were the problems faced in engaging corporate blog? 15. Is corporate blogging better than written media into bringing your services closer to the customers? 4. 3 Analyzing obtained data The data obtained from the interviews have been tabulated and themes and trends from such qualitative data would then be identified, and analyses would then be formulated. The data obtained from the questionnaires will be analyzed using the Likert scale. The primary tool used to examine Likert Scale is by the use of graphical analysis. Since the frequency distribution can visually be seen in the graph, it is easier to explain the results. The trend represents certain patterns that match with the frequency distribution. The Likert scale is a unidimensional scaling method. Unidimensional concepts are generally easier to understand. Its either something has more of it or less (Trochim 2006, http://www. socialresearchmethods. net/kb/scalgen. php ). Since the aim of the research is to identify whether the receptiveness of corporate blog to employees, executives and the corporation as a whole is better or worse, then a unidimensional scaling would be a good measurement for the research. 4. 4 Other Resources Secondary resources are also critically used in this project, which mainly include news, journal articles and books. Internet and Email will be as the communication and research tools for this project. The collected data will be coded and analyzed under the theoretical framework and prior reviewed literature. According to Coffey and Atkinson (1996), coding is the process of condensing the bulk of data sets into analyzable units. Coding and analyzing data based theoretical concepts has the important role of enabling rigours review on our data. Therefore, the collected data will be coded and analysed under the theoretical framework and prior reviewed literature. 5 Discussion 5. 1 Research expectation and risk The author will discuss the outputs from the case study, interviews and questionnaires. Each case study will be discussed here in full detail. Blog contents from the corporate blogs of each company will be evaluated and discussed. The research study is able to seek: why did the company considered blogging? What are the advantages and disadvantages from setting up a corporate blog? The expectation data obtained from the questionnaires will also be presented and discussed. Results obtained through the Likert scale will be interpreted. Results are also related to previous researches and theoretical issues discussed in the introduction and literature review. The author will give a brief introduction to the uses of blogs, corporate blogs, its advantages and limitations, and the issues surrounding corporate blogs, which includes privacy or information leakage of the corporation because of the freedom, entailed in corporate blogging. To which we can now generate our prediction of corporate blogging with the analysis of its strategic management implementation (rules and regulations), the perception of employees and employers, and our own analysis as to how corporate blogging can elevate the communication process among a business organization. The author expects challenging the blogging system as an entity of information and as a communication medium to delimit its disadvantages and provide better means of communication for the business sector. Assuming that results are as predicted, we can now generalize the discussion. Note, however, that different companies have different cultures and strategies in corporate blogging; thus different results would be yield, and themes would have to be established in order for data to be qualitatively analyzed. Having the prediction of the future of corporate blogging may be a challenging step but I think it is feasible in this case since we can generate information regarding how the corporate blogging system can improve and be able to overcome the challenges of advanced technology. 5. 2 The limitations of the study On major limitation of the study is that only IT companies are to be considered in data gathering. It is possible that other companies may have a different culture and perception on corporate blogging. Future research may focus on determining the perceptions of companies other than IT and compare its results with the results obtained from this study. Also, the study only analyzed the perceptions of bloggers on corporate blogging. Studies on the perception of nonbloggers (or those who have blogs but do not post regularly) may be carried out to give a more generalized rate of acceptance of blogging as a new kind of innovation. There is also a restraint in Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation Theory. It may be the most widely used theory in both individual and organizational IT adoption researches but none of the five predictors (relative advantage, compatibility with existing values and practices, simplicity and ease of use, trialability and observable results) made Jeyaraj et al. ’s (2006) list of best predictors for the aggregate IT adoption construct. Another limitation of this research is that blogging can result in legal problems because of the lack of blogging management. The integrity rules for protection and management are expected to established immediately.